Synchronous Tools    
    Synchronous tools enable real-time communication and collaboration
in a "same time-different place" mode. These tools allow people to connect
at a single point in time, at the same time. Synchronous tools possess the
advantage of being able to engage people instantly and at the same point
in time. The primary drawback of synchronous tools is that, by definition,
they require same-time participation -different time zones and conflicting
schedules can create communication challenges. In addition, they tend
to be costly and may require significant bandwidth to be efficient.
 
Asynchronous Tools  
    Asynchronous tools enable communication and collaboration over a
period of time through a "different time-different place" mode. These tools
allow people to connect together at each person's own convenience and
own schedule. Asynchronous tools are useful for sustaining dialogue and
collaboration over a period of time and providing people with resources
and information that are instantly accessible, day or night. Asynchronous
tools possess the advantage of being able to involve people from multiple
time zones. In addition, asynchronous tools are helpful in capturing the
history of the interactions of a group, allowing for collective knowledge
to be more easily shared and distributed. The primary drawback of
asynchronous technologies is that they require some discipline to use
when used for ongoing communities of practice (e.g., people typically
must take the initiative to "login" to participate) and they may feel
"impersonal" to those who prefer higher-touch synchronous technologies.




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